Order CARNIVORA
Family URSIDAE
Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758: Brown bear
2n=74, FN=??
Autosomes: ST/SM/M-5 pairs, A-31 pairs; X: large M; Y: small A
- Tsuchiya K, Hori H, Gohda K (1978) Chromosomes of 2 bear species from Japan (Ursidae; Carnivora). Higuma 6: 12-13 (in Japanese).
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Tsuchiya K, Hori H, Gohda K (1979) A karyotype study of 2 species of bears indigenous to Japan. Chromosome Information Service 26: 23-24.
Slenarctos thibetanus (Cuvier, 1823): Asiatic black bear
2n=74, FN=??
Autosomes: ST/SM/M-5 pairs, A-31 pairs; X: large M; Y: small A
- Tsuchiya K, Hori H, Gohda K (1978) Chromosomes of 2 bear species from Japan (Ursidae; Carnivora). Higuma 6: 12-13 (in Japanese).
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Tsuchiya K, Hori H, Gohda K (1979) A karyotype study of 2 species of bears indigenous to Japan. Chromosome Information Service 26: 23-24.
Family CANIDAE
Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus Temminck, 1844: Raccoon dog
2n= 38 + B chromosomes, FN=??
Autosomes: ????; X: ??; Y: ??
- Tsuchiya K, Yosida TH (1971) Chromosome survey of small mammals in Japan. Annual Report of National Institute of Genetics, Japan 21: 54-55.
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Yoshida M, Noda H, Nagahata H, Kanagawa H, Ishikawa T (1982) Chromosomal analysis of the Japanese raccoon dog based on the G- and C-banding techniques. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research 30: 68-78.
- Yosida TH, Wada MY, Ward OG (1983) Cytogenetical studies on the Japanese raccoon dog. I. Karyotype of a Japanese raccoon dog with 40 chromosomes including supernumeraries. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 59: 267-270.
- Yosida TH, Wada MY (1984) Cytogenetical studies on the Japanese raccoon dog. VI. Distribution of B-chromosomes in 1,372 cells from 13 specimens, with special note on the frequency of the Robertsonian fission. Proc. Japan Acad. 60, Ser. B 301-305.
Yosida TH, Wada MY (1985) Cytogenetical studies on the Japanese raccoon dog. VIII. B chromosomes observed in the spermatogonial metaphase cells. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 61: 375-378.
- Yosida TH, Wada MY (1985) Cytogenetical studies on the Japanese raccoon dog. XI. Specimens collected in Kanagawa-ken having a single Robetsonian fission of the pair no. 5 and having an equal number of cells with 2 and 3 B-chromosomes. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 61: 451-454.
- Makinen A, Kuokkanen M, Valtonen M (1986) A chromosome-banding study in the Finnish and the Japanese raccoon dog. Hereditas 105: 97-106.
- Wada MY (1987) Standard karyotype of the Japanese raccoon dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus. Chromosome Information Service 42: 6-10.
- Ward OG, Wurster-Hill DH, Ratty FJ, Song Y (1987) Comparative cytogenetics of Chinese and Japanese raccoon dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 45: 177-186.
- Obara Y, Nakano T (1989) Robertsonian fission polymorphism in the northern Honshu population of the Japanese raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus. Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan 14: 19-25.
- Wada MY, Imai HT (1991) On the Robertsonian polymorphism found in the Japanese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). Japanese Journal of Genetics 66: 1-11.
- Wada MY, Suzuki T, Tsuchiya K (1998) Re-examination of the chromosome homology between two subspecies of Japanese raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides albus albus and N. p. viverrinus). Caryologia 51: 13-18.
Nyctereutes procyonoides albus Beard, 1904: Ezo Raccoon dog
2n= 38 + B chromosomes, FN=??
Autosomes: ????; X: ??; Y: ??
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Wada MY, Suzuki T, Tsuchiya K (1998) Re-examination of the chromosome homology between two subspecies of Japanese raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides albus albus and N. p. viverrinus). Caryologia 51: 13-18
Vulpes vulpes japonica Gray, 1868: Japanese red fox
Karyotype is unknown.
Vulpes vulpes schrencki Kishida, 1924: Ezo red fox
2n=??, FN=??
Autosomes: ????; X: ??; Y: ??
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
Family MUSTELIDAE
Mustela itatsi Temminck, 1844; Japanese Weasel
2n=38, FN=??
Autosomes: M-6 pairs, SM-ST-8 pairs, A-4 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small ST
- Tsuchiya K, Yosida TH (1971) Chromosome survey of small mammals in Japan. Annual Report of National Institute of Genetics, Japan 21: 54-55.
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Obara Y (1985) G-band homology and C-band variation in the Japanese mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and M. sibirica itatsi. Genetica 68: 59-64.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
- Kurose N, Masuda R, Aoi T, Watanabe S (2000) Karyological differentiation between two closely related mustelids, the Japanese weasel Mustela itatsi and the Siberian weasel M. sibirica. Caryologia 53: 269-275.
Mustela erminea orientalis Ognev, 1928: Ezo ermine
2n=44, FN=??
Autosomes: M-3 pairs, SM/ST-8 pairs, A-10 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small ST.
- Obara Y (1982) Comparative analysis of karyotypes in the Japanese mustelids, Mustela nivalis namiyei and M. erminea nippon. Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan 9: 59-69.
- Obara Y (1985) G-band homology and C-band variation in the Japanese mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and M. sibirica itatsi. Genetica 68: 59-64.
- Obara Y (1985) Karyological relationship between two species of mustelids, the Japanese ermine and the least weasel. Japanese Journal of Genetics 60: 157-160.
- Obara Y (1987) Karyological kinship of two species of mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and Meles meles anakuma. Zoological Science 4: 87-92.
- Obara Y (1987) Karyological differentiation between two species of mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and Martes melampus melampus. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 63: 197-200.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
Mustela nivalis nivalis Linnaeus, 1766: Least weasel
2n=42, FN=??
Autosomes: A-3 pairs, SM/ST-12 pairs, M-5 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small SM
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Obara Y (1985) Karyological relationship between two species of mustelids, the Japanese ermine and the least weasel. Japanese Journal of Genetics 60: 157-160.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
Mustela nivalis namiyei Kuroda, 1921: Japanese least weasel
2n=38, FN=??
Autosomes: A-3 pairs, SM-ST-6 pairs, M-9 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small SM
- Obara Y (1984) C-bands and late DNA replication in the chromosomes of the Japanese least weasel, Mustela nivalis namiyei. Chromosome Information Service 36: 24-26.
- Obara Y (1985) Karyological relationship between two species of mustelids, the Japanese ermine and the least weasel. Japanese Journal of Genetics 60: 157-160.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
Martes melampus melampus (Wagner, 1841): Japanese marten
2n=38, FN=66
Autosomes: A-2 pairs, ST-8 pairs, SM-3 pairs, M-5 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small A
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Obara Y (1982) C- and G-banded karyotypes of the Japanese marten, Martes melampus melampus. Chromosome Information Service 33: 21-23.
- Obara Y (1987) Karyological differentiation between two species of mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and Martes melampus melampus. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 63: 197-200.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
Martes melampus tsuensis (Thomas, 1897): Tsushima marten
2n=38, FN=66
Autosomes: A-2 pairs, ST-8 pairs, SM-3 pairs, M-5 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small A
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
Martes zibellina brachyura (Temminck, 1844): Japanese sable
2n=38, FN=64
Autosomes: A-3 pairs, ST-7 pairs, SM-3 pairs, M-5 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small A.
- Iwasa MA, Hosoda T (2002) A note on karyotype of the sable, Martes zibellina brachyura, in Hokkaido, Japan. Mammal Study 27: 83-86.
Meles meles anakuma Temminck, 1844: Badger
2n=44, FN=??
Autosomes: M/SM/ST-10 pairs, A-11 pairs; X: medium M, Y: small ST
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
- Obara Y (1987) Karyological kinship of two species of mustelids, Mustela erminea nippon and Meles meles anakuma. Zoological Science 4: 87-92.
- Obara Y (1991) Karyosystematics of the mustelid carnivores of Japan. Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 30: 197-220.
Lutra nippon Imaizumi and Yoshiyuki, 1989: Japanese sea otter
Karyotype is unknown.
Family FELIDAE
Felis bengalensis euptilura (Elliot, 1871): Bengal cat
2n=??, FN=??
Autosomes:????; X: ??; Y: ??
- Tsuchiya K (1976) Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 33: 53-59.
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
Felis iriomotensis (Imaizumi, 1967): Iriomote cat
2n=??, FN=??
Autosomes:????; X: ??; Y: ??
- Tsuchiya K (1976) Honyurui Kagaku [Mammalian Science] 33: 53-59.
- Tsuchiya K (1979) A contribution to the chromosome study in Japanese mammals. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Sereis B 55: 191-195.
Family OTARIIDAE
Zalophus californianus japonicus (Peters, 1866): Japanese sea lion
Karyotype is unknown.
Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776): Steller sea lion
Karyotype is unknown.
Callorhinus ursinus (Linnaeus, 1758): Northern fur seal
Karyotype is unknown.
Family PHOCIDAE
Erignathus barbatus nauticus (Pallas, 1811): Bearded seal
Karyotype is unknown.
Phoca fasciata Zimmermann, 1783: Ribbon seal
Karyotype is unknown.
Phoca hispida ochotensis Pallas, 1811: Ringed seal
Karyotype is unknown.
Phoca largha Pallas, 1811: Spotted seal
Karyotype is unknown.
Phoca vitulina stejnegeri Allen, 1902: Kuril seal
Karyotype is unknown.